Atheris matildae

Atheris matildae, also known as Matilda's horned viper, is a species of arboreal forest viper endemic to Tanzania.

The species is most likely a nocturnal ambush predator, waiting by streams to ambush frogs.

It resembles Atheris ceratophora, the Usambara bush viper. Atheris matildae is easily distinguished from all its congeners except for the A. ceratophora since they both have two to three enlarged hornlike structures above their eyes. A. matildae measures 64.3 centimetres (25.3 in) in total length, making it larger than A. ceratophora (the largest size ever recorded for A. ceratophora is 51.0 cm).

Matilda's horned viper occupies only a small area further threatened by logging and charcoal production.

Atheris matildae was named after Matilda, the daughter of Tim Davenport, the director of the Wildlife Conservation Society in Tanzania and a member of the three-person team to have discovered the snake.